Let's not use the term placebo. The correct terms are type 1 error and type 2 error.What we call "placebo" here is a type 1 error: incorrect rejection of the null hypothesis stated as "Equipment X and Y sound the same." (null as in no difference) It's an error of commision.When the listener doesn't detect a difference that is clearly there, that is a type 2 error.An error of omission.NOT A "nocebo", which is a negative reaction where there should be none and is still a type 1 error.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_I_and_type_II_errors